[Major ambulatory surgery in urology. 5 years' experience]. / Cirugía mayor ambulatoria en urología. 5 años de experiencia.

INTRODUCTION: The ambulatory surgery includes those surgical procedures that require a limited period of post-operative recovery, so that patients will be discharged from hospital on the same day of their surgical operation. OBJECTIVES: This publication aims at both, explaining our Service way of working as an integrated unit of ambulatory surgery, and it also tries to revise the results which have been obtained during our first 5 years working together. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Three hundred and thirty-nine patients, with an average age of 37.5 years (3-84), have been included in this report which sets out the medical record of this patients selection, their pathologies, the different procedures used, the kind of anaesthesia as well as the criterion to discharge them from hospital. RESULTS: Intra-surgical complications have arisen in 4 (1.2%) of our patients, immediate complications in 24 patients (7%) and late ones in 33 (9.7%) of our patients. According to the results of an anonymous inquiry which has been polled systematically to all our patients, 95% of those polled are completely satisfied with this new way of medical attention. CONCLUSIONS: The ambulatory surgery means a slight change in our patients' way of life. It also diminishes hospital costs, morbidity is similar to the one produced in hospitalization and it implies an important challenge for the professionals of this Service.

Cirugía mayor ambulatoria en urología. 5 Años de experiencia / Ambulatory surgery in urology. Five years of experience

INTRODUCCIÓN: La cirugía mayor ambulatoria (CMA) comprende aquellos procedimientos quirúrgicos que requieren un escaso periodo de recuperación post-operatoria, siendo dados de alta los pacientes en el mismo día de la intervención. OBJETIVOS: Este trabajo pretende explicar el funcionamiento de nuestro Servicio de Urología en una unidad integrada de cirugía mayor ambulatoria, así como revisar los resultados obtenidos en los cinco primeros años de vida de nuestra unidad. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se han incluido 339 pacientes con una edad media de 37,5 años (3-84) exponiendo el protocolo de selección de pacientes, patología, procedimiento empleado y tipo de anestesia, así como los criterios de alta. RESULTADOS: En 4 pacientes (1,2 por ciento) ha habido complicaciones intraoperatorias en 24 (7 por ciento) inmediatas y en 33 (9,7 por ciento) tardías. Según resultados de la encuesta anónima realizada sistemáticamente a todos los pacientes el 95 por ciento se han mostrado satisfechos con esta nueva modalidad asistencial. CONCLUSIONES: La CMA supone una mínima alteración del modo de vida del paciente, disminuye costos hospitalarios, la morbilidad es similar a la de la hospitalización y supone un reto para los profesionales del Servicio (AU)

[Penile carcinoma. Retrospective study in the XIII area of the community of Valencia]. / Carcinoma de pene. Análisis retrospectivo en el área XIII de la comunidad Valenciana.

We have analyzed a set of 27 patients diagnosed of penile cancer who have been treated in our Hospital during the last 17 years (since january 1984 to december 2000). The annual incidence was set in 1.7 patients/100,000 men/year. The average age has been 64 years (range 42-85). Patients delayed medical consulting of their lesions for 15 months (2-120). Histologic analysis found an epidermoid carcinoma in 19 patients, and verrucous carcinoma in 8. The average follow-up has been 48 months (range 2-120). As a conclusion we don't belive necessary prophylactic inguinal lymphadenectomy. Correct followup, for early detection of lymph nodes does not worsen survival and it avoids unnecessary operations with a high rate of morbidity. The prognostic factors in our patients have been the presence of lymph nodes and the degree of local extension. We lack of experience with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Carcinoma de pene. Analisis retrospectivo en el Area XIII de la Comunidad Valenciana / Carcinoma of the penis. Retrospective analysis in Area 13th in the Valencian Community

Analizamos la serie de 27 casos de carcinoma de pene diagnosticados y tratados en nuestro centro desde enero de 1984 hasta diciembre del 2007 (17 años). La incidencia anual se situó en 1,7 casos/ 100.000 varones/año. La edad media ha sido de 64 años (42-85). El tiempo de demora medio en consultar por la lesión ha sido de 15 meses (2-120).La anatomía patológica de la lesión fue de carcinoma epidermoide en 19 casos (14 bien diferenciados y 5 poco diferenciados) y carcinoma verrucoso en 8 casos. El seguimiento medio ha sido de 48 meses (2-120). Como conclusiones, destacar que no creemos recomendable la realización de linfadenectomía profiláctica, pues pensamos que un seguimiento adecuado para la detección temprana de las adenopatías, no empeora la supervivencia y evita cirugías innecesarias y de gran morbilidad. En cuanto a los factores pronósticos, en nuestra serie, los más determinantes han sido la presencia de adenopatías positivas y el grado de extensión local. Carecemos de experiencia con radioterapia y la quimioterapia. (AU)

[Total androgenic insensitivity syndrome. Presentation as giant inguinal mass]. / Síndrome de insensibilidad completa androgénica. Presentación como masa inguinal gigante.

The androgen insensitivity syndrome is the most frequent form of masculine psedohermafroditism. The affected patients present female phenotype without sexual ambiguity but with karyotype 46 XY. In this syndrome the frequency of malignización of the testicles increases progressively with the age, because of this, the importance of an earlier diagnosis. We present a case of later diagnosis late of the androgen insensitivity syndrome, that debut with a great inguinal mass.

Síndrome de insensibilidad completa androgénica. Presentación como masa inguinal gigante / Androgen insensitivity syndrome. Giant inguinal mass presentation

El síndrome de insensibilidad completa a los andrógenos es la forma más frecuente de pseudo-hermafroditismo masculino. Los individuos afectos presentan fenotipo femenino sin ambigüedad sexual pero con cariotipo 46XY. En este síndrome la frecuencia de malignización de los testículos aumenta progresivamente con la edad, de ahí la importancia del diagnóstico precoz. Presentamos un caso de diagnóstico tardío del síndrome de insensibilidad completa androgénica que debutó con masa inguinal (AU)

Informatización de los protocolos de seguimiento tumoral / Computerisation of tumoral follow-up protocols

OBJETIVO: Evaluación de la eficacia del seguimiento tumoral mediante protocolos informatizados. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Hemos realizado un estudio retrospectivo, tomando como ejemplo el tumor vesical superficial, donde hemos comparado la cumplimentación del seguimiento tumoral de los protocolos informatizados respecto a los convencionales. RESULTADOS: Se ha demostrado que el porcentaje de cumplimentación y el ajuste a los plazos pre-establecidos de las exploraciones solicitadas por facultativo, es superior en los protocolos informatizados que en los convencionales. CONCLUSIÓN: La informatización de los protocolos tumorales es de fácil manejo, mejora el grado de cumplimiento y ahorra tiempo, proporcionando una mayor eficacia y rigurosidad científica (AU)

[Computerization of protocols for tumor follow-up]. / Informatización de los protocolos de seguimiento tumoral.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the effectiveness of the surveillance tumoral by means of computerized protocols. MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY: We have carried out a retrospective study, taking as example the superficial bladder cancer, where we have compared the execution of the tumoral surveillance of the computerized protocols regarding the conventional ones. RESULTS: It has been demonstrated that the execution percentage and the adjustment to the predetermined terms of the explorations requested by the facultative are superior in the computerized protocols that in the conventional ones. CONCLUSION: The computerization of the tumoral protocols is user-friendly, it improves the execution degree and it saves time, providing bigger effectiveness and scientific rigor.

[Urethral diverticulum complicated with giant lithiasis]. / Divertículo uretral complicado por litiasis gigante.

Presentation of one case report of acquired urethral diverticulum in a male with giant urethral lithiasis. Urethral diverticulum are rare entities in males, the condition being more frequent in females. In general, they are acquired in up to 90% cases, the remaining 10% being hereditary Giant urethral lithiasis is also uncommon in our milieu, incidence being higher in Eastern Countries; 4-10% of urethral diverticulum are occupied by lithiasis. Diagnosis is mainly through clinical symptomatology involving the development of a perineal mass or phlegmon; however definite diagnosis is made through CUMS. Management of giant diverticulum in males is by open surgery, preferably a one-step diverticulectomy procedure; in cases such as the reported here, where urethral stenosis or a significant inflammatory involvement of the periurethral tissues is present, a two-step urethroplasty should be preferred.

[Massive inguinal vesical hernia. Report of 3 cases]. / Hernia vesical inguinal masiva. Aportación de tres casos.

Vesical hernia is defines as a vesical shift associated to a direct or indirect inguinal hernia. It accounts for 0.4-3% of all inguinal hernias, but the existence of a massive vesical hernia formation at the inguinoscrotal level is uncommon; a total of 114 cases have been found in the literature. Clinically it should be suspected every time an inguinoscrotal hernia is found in patients over 50 years old with urinary flow obstruction. Diagnosis is usually reached through serial voiding cystouretrography (SVCU). The preferred treatment should be extraperitoneal inguinal herniorrhaphy associated to correction of the obstructive process.

[Complications of transurethral resection of the prostate: review of 408 cases]. / Complicaciones de la resección transuretral de la próstata: revisión de 408 casos.

Retrospective study conducted on 408 TUPRs performed in our centre over the time span 1985-1995. Patient's mean age was 68 (51-89) years. In 73% cases regional anaesthetics was used. Mean surgery duration (without anaesthetics) was 41 minutes for prostates under 60 g and 63 minutes for those over 60 g. 40.9% patients had in-dwelling urethral catheter. Early complications were seen in 19.6% patients, of which 9.6% were urinary infections, 4.6% major haematuria requiring transfusion of two or more units of packed blood cells and 12% relevant systemic complications. Overall mortality was 0.5% (2 patients). Late complications affected to 12.7% patients, which in 6.4% were urethral stenosis. Both mean hospital stay and mortality were low. We conclude that TUPR morbidity is not trivial, emphasizing the occurrence of urethral stenosis and urinary infection. In spite of the frequency of these complications, we believe this to be the choice procedure for most patients who require surgical treatment for benign prostate hyperplasia.

[Candidiasis of the upper urinary tract. Report of a case]. / Candidiasis del tracto urinario superior. A propósito de un caso.

OBJECTIVE: We report a case of candidiasis of the upper urinary tract that presented as acute renal failure associated with septic syndrome. The patient initially required hemodialysis. Right hydronephrosis and perirenal collection were observed on ultrasound examination. METHODS: A percutaneous nephrostomy was performed. Nephrostomy urine cytology and cultures were positive for Candida tropicalis. An anterograde pyelography showed a 'fungus ball' in the urinary tract. RESULTS: Therapy with oral fluconazole and percutaneous amphotericin B achieved excellent results. CONCLUSIONS: Candidiasic urinary infection of the upper urinary tract often produces obstructive uropathy requiring percutaneous nephrostomy, which can also be used to instill amphotericin B. Combination therapy with amphotericin B and fluconazole can achieve excellent results.